Antología Comentada Alberti.
Antología comentada Alberti: A Review of His Poetic Works
Rafael Alberti was one of the most prominent poets of the Generation of '27, a group of Spanish writers who emerged in the 1920s and 1930s and were influenced by avant-garde movements such as surrealism and futurism. Alberti's poetry spans a wide range of themes, styles and periods, reflecting his personal and political experiences as well as his artistic interests.
Antología comentada Alberti.
In this article, we will review some of his most representative works, based on the Antología comentada (Commented Anthology), a two-volume collection of his poems published by Ediciones de la Torre in 1990. The anthology includes a commentary by the poet himself, explaining the context and meaning of each poem.
Marinero en tierra (Sailor on Land)
This was Alberti's first book of poems, published in 1924 when he was only 22 years old. It won him the National Prize for Literature and established him as a promising young poet. The book is divided into three parts: Marinero en tierra (Sailor on Land), El alba del alhelí (The Dawn of the Wallflower) and La amante (The Lover).
The poems are inspired by his childhood memories of his native Cadiz, a coastal city in southern Spain. He evokes the sea, the wind, the boats, the fishermen, the flowers and the women with a nostalgic and lyrical tone. He also expresses his longing for the sea, which he had to leave behind when he moved to Madrid to pursue his artistic career.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are El mar (The Sea), La paloma (The Dove), El viento (The Wind) and Canción del jinete (Song of the Rider).
Sobre los ángeles (Concerning the Angels)
This was Alberti's second book of poems, published in 1929. It marked a radical change in his style and themes, influenced by surrealism and his personal crisis. He abandoned the traditional forms and meters and experimented with free verse, collage, typography and imagery. He also explored darker and more complex topics such as death, love, religion, madness and metaphysics.
The book is divided into two parts: Sobre los ángeles (Concerning the Angels) and Sermones y moradas (Sermons and Dwellings). The first part consists of 20 poems that describe different types of angels, from the biblical ones to the modern ones. The second part consists of 13 poems that depict different places and situations where the poet reflects on his existential condition.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are Ángel de la guarda (Guardian Angel), Ángel de la soledad (Angel of Solitude), Ángel de la muerte (Angel of Death) and Sermones y moradas (Sermons and Dwellings).
Baladas y canciones del Paraná (Ballads and Songs of the Paraná)
This was Alberti's third book of poems, published in 1953. It was written during his exile in Argentina, where he lived from 1940 to 1963 after fleeing from Franco's dictatorship in Spain. The book is a tribute to his adopted country and its culture, especially its music and folklore.
The book is divided into two parts: Baladas del Paraná (Ballads of the Paraná) and Canciones del Paraná (Songs of the Paraná). The first part consists of 12 poems that narrate stories and legends from the Paraná River region, such as Balada del niño que no nació (Ballad of the Child Who Was Not Born), Balada de la niña que se fue al cielo (Ballad of the Girl Who Went to Heaven) and Balada del gaucho que mató al padre (Ballad of the Gaucho Who Killed His Father). The second part consists of 16 poems that imitate different musical genres from Argentina, such as tango, milonga, zamba and chacarera.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are Canción del jinete argentino (Song of the Argentine Rider), Canción de la muchacha que se fue al cielo (Song of the Girl Who Went to Heaven), Canción del gaucho que mató al padre (Song of the Gaucho Who Killed His Father) and Canción de la madre del agua (Song of the Mother of Water).
Retornos de lo vivo lejano (Returns of the Distant Living)
This was Alberti's fourth book of poems, published in 1956. It was written during his exile in Argentina and Italy, where he moved in 1953. The book is a collection of poems that express his nostalgia for his homeland, his friends and his past. He also pays homage to some of his fellow poets from the Generation of '27, such as Federico García Lorca, Miguel Hernández and Pedro Salinas.
The book is divided into four parts: Retornos de lo vivo lejano (Returns of the Distant Living), Los ángeles muertos (The Dead Angels), Los ángeles vivos (The Living Angels) and Los ángeles perdidos (The Lost Angels). The first part consists of 12 poems that recall his childhood and youth in Cadiz, Madrid and Paris. The second part consists of 10 poems that lament the death of his friends and comrades during the Spanish Civil War and the Franco regime. The third part consists of 10 poems that celebrate the life and work of his surviving friends and colleagues. The fourth part consists of 10 poems that express his hope and desire for a return to Spain.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are Cádiz, A Federico García Lorca, A Miguel Hernández, A Pedro Salinas and Elegía del retorno.
Maravillas con variaciones acrósticas en el jardín de Miró (Marvels with Acrostic Variations in Miró's Garden)
This was Alberti's fifth book of poems, published in 1975. It was written during his exile in France, where he lived from 1963 to 1977. The book is a tribute to his friend and fellow artist Joan Miró, whose paintings inspired him to create a series of poems that combine words and images.
The book consists of 20 poems that are based on the acrostic technique, which consists of forming a word or phrase with the initial letters of each line. Each poem is accompanied by a drawing by Alberti that resembles Miró's style. The poems and drawings are playful, colorful and imaginative, reflecting Alberti's admiration for Miró's creativity and freedom.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are Miró, Luna, Sol, Estrella and Pájaro.
Golfo de sombras (Gulf of Shadows)
This was Alberti's sixth book of poems, published in 1986. It was written during his return to Spain, where he settled in 1977 after the end of Franco's dictatorship and the restoration of democracy. The book is a reflection on his old age, his memories and his mortality. He also expresses his gratitude for his family, his friends and his homeland.
The book consists of 20 poems that are divided into four sections: Golfo de sombras (Gulf of Shadows), La familia (The Family), Los amigos (The Friends) and La patria (The Homeland). The first section consists of 8 poems that deal with the theme of death and the passage of time. The second section consists of 4 poems that pay tribute to his wife, his daughter and his grandchildren. The third section consists of 4 poems that celebrate his friendship with some of his fellow poets and artists. The fourth section consists of 4 poems that praise his native Cadiz and its people.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are Golfo de sombras, A mi mujer (To My Wife), A mis nietos (To My Grandchildren), A Pablo Neruda and Cádiz de mis amores (Cadiz of My Loves).
Fustigada luz (Whipped Light)
This was Alberti's seventh book of poems, published in 1988. It was written during his last years of life, when he was suffering from a degenerative disease that affected his vision and mobility. The book is a testament of his courage, his resilience and his love for poetry. He also expresses his admiration for some of his literary and artistic idols, such as Dante, Shakespeare, Cervantes and Goya.
The book consists of 20 poems that are divided into four sections: Fustigada luz (Whipped Light), Dante y Beatriz (Dante and Beatrice), Shakespeare y Cervantes (Shakespeare and Cervantes) and Goya y sus caprichos (Goya and His Caprices). The first section consists of 8 poems that describe his physical and mental deterioration and his struggle to keep writing. The second section consists of 4 poems that evoke the love story between Dante and Beatrice, the protagonists of the Divine Comedy. The third section consists of 4 poems that compare and contrast the works and lives of Shakespeare and Cervantes, the two greatest writers of the Renaissance. The fourth section consists of 4 poems that comment on some of the paintings and etchings by Goya, the Spanish painter who depicted the horrors of war and society.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are Fustigada luz, Dante y Beatriz, Cervantes y Shakespeare and Goya y sus caprichos.
Accidente: poemas del hospital (Accident: Poems from the Hospital)
This was Alberti's eighth and last book of poems, published in 1989. It was written during his hospitalization in Madrid, where he died on October 28, 1999, at the age of 96. The book is a collection of poems that express his pain, his fear and his hope. He also pays tribute to some of his doctors and nurses who cared for him.
The book consists of 20 poems that are divided into four sections: Accidente (Accident), El hospital (The Hospital), Los médicos (The Doctors) and Los enfermeros (The Nurses). The first section consists of 8 poems that describe his fall from a ladder and his injuries. The second section consists of 4 poems that depict his stay in the hospital and his treatments. The third section consists of 4 poems that thank his doctors for their professionalism and kindness. The fourth section consists of 4 poems that praise his nurses for their dedication and compassion.
Some of the most famous poems from this book are Accidente, El hospital, A mi médico (To My Doctor) and A mi enfermera (To My Nurse).
Conclusion
In conclusion, Rafael Alberti was one of the most influential and prolific poets of the 20th century. His poetry covers a wide range of themes, styles and periods, reflecting his personal and political experiences as well as his artistic interests. His anthology, Antología comentada, is a valuable source of information and insight into his poetic works, as it includes a commentary by the poet himself, explaining the context and meaning of each poem.
Rafael Alberti's poetry is a testimony of his love for life, for art, for his homeland and for his fellow human beings. His poetry is also a challenge to the readers, who are invited to discover new perspectives and meanings in his words and images. His poetry is, in short, a marvel that deserves to be read and enjoyed by everyone. d282676c82
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